Kia pehea te roa o te ora o ngā pākahiko o te kāreti korowha

Whakaarohia tō tīmatanga ki te tākaro i te kōhao-i-te-kohatu, ā, ka kitea e koe me kawe e koe ō karapu korowha ki te kōhao e whai ake nei nā te mea kua mate ngā pākahiko o te kāreti korowha. Tērā pea ka ngoikore te wairua. Ko ētahi kāreti korowha he mīhini penehīni iti, ko ētahi atu he mīhini hiko. Ko ēnei he pai ake mō te taiao, he māmā ake te tiaki, ā, he marino ake. Koinei te take i whakamahia ai ngā kāreti korowha i ngā whare wānanga me ngā whare nunui, ehara i te mea i te papa korowha anake.

Ko te pākahiko e whakamahia ana tētahi o ngā mea matua, nā te mea koia te mea e whakatau ana i te roa o te whakamahi me te tere o te kāreti korowha. He roa te ora o ia pākahiko, e ai ki te momo matū me te whirihoranga e whakamahia ana. Ko te mea pai, ko te kaihoko kia roa te ora, kia iti hoki te tiaki e hiahiatia ana. Ae, ehara tēnei i te mea iti te utu, ā, me whakarite kia pai te whakamahi. He mea nui anō hoki kia wehewehea te whakamahinga pākahiko mō te wā poto me te wā roa.

Ko te roa o te whakamahinga o te pākahiko mō te wā poto ka whakawhirinaki ki te maha o ngā maero ka taea e te kāreti korowha te haere i mua i te whakakī anō i te pākahiko. Ko te whakamahinga mō te wā roa e tohu ana i te maha o ngā huringa utu-tuku ka taea e te pākahiko te tautoko i mua i te pakaru me te korenga. Hei whakatau i te roanga o te whakamahinga, me whai whakaaro ki te pūnaha hiko me te momo pākahiko e whakamahia ana.

Pūnaha hiko o te kāreti korowha

Hei mōhio ki te roa o te ora o ngā pākahiko o te kāreti korowha, he mea nui kia whakaarohia te pūnaha hiko e uru ana te pākahiko. He motuka hiko te pūnaha hiko, ā, he mea hono ki tētahi kete pākahiko i hangaia mai i ngā pūtau pākahiko i roto i ngā whirihoranga rerekē. Ko te whakatauranga o ngā motuka hiko noa e whakamahia ana mō ngā kāreti korowha he 36 volts, 48 volts rānei.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka kukume te nuinga o ngā motuka hiko i waenga i te 50-70 amps ina oma i te tere toharite o te 15 maero ia hāora. Heoi, he whakatau tata whānui tēnei nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te whakapaunga kawenga o te miihini. Ko te momo whenua me ngā potae e whakamahia ana, te pai o te motuka, me te taumaha e haria ana ka pā ki te kawenga e whakamahia ana e te miihini. Hei tāpiri, ka piki ake ngā whakaritenga kawenga i te tīmatanga o te miihini me te wā whakaterenga ki te whakataurite ki ngā āhuatanga tere. Mā ēnei āhuatanga katoa ka kore e nui te whakapaunga mana o te miihini. Koia te take i te nuinga o te wā, he nui rawa te pākahiko e whakamahia ana (tauwehenga haumaru) mā te 20% hei tiaki i ngā āhuatanga e tino hiahiatia ana.

Ka pā ēnei whakaritenga ki te kōwhiringa o te momo pākahiko. Me nui te kaha o te pākahiko hei whakarato i te tawhiti nui mō te kaiwhakamahi. Me kaha hoki ki te tu atu i ngā pikinga ohorere o te hiahia hiko. Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana ko te iti o te taumaha o ngā kete pākahiko, te kaha ki te utu tere, me te iti o ngā whakaritenga tiaki.

Ahakoa te āhua o ngā matū, ka poto ake te roa o te ora o ngā pākahiko mēnā ka nui rawa, ka ohorere hoki te whakamahi i ngā kawenga teitei. Ara, ko te nui haere o te huringa taraiwa ka poto ake te ora o te pākahiko.

Ngā momo pākahiko

Haunga te huringa taraiwa me te whakamahinga o te miihini, ka whakatau te momo matū pākahiko i te roa o te wā e whakamahia anapākahiko kāreti korowhaka roa. He maha ngā pākahiko e wātea ana i te mākete ka taea te whakamahi hei whakahaere i ngā kaata korowha. Ko ngā kete tino noa he pākahiko kua whakatauria ki te 6V, 8V, me te 12V. Ko te momo whirihoranga kete me te pūtau e whakamahia ana e whakatau ana i te whakatauranga kaha o te kete. He rerekē ngā matū e wātea ana, ko te nuinga: ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, ngā pākahiko lithium-ion, me te waikawa-mata AGM.

Ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata

Koinei te momo pākahiko iti te utu, ā, ko te mea tino whānui te whakamahinga i te mākete. E 2-5 tau te roa o te ora e tumanakohia ana, arā, he 500-1200 huringa. Kei runga i ngā āhuatanga whakamahinga tēnei; kāore i te tūtohutia kia tukuna te hiko ki raro iho i te 50% o te kaha o te pākahiko, kaua rawa hoki e raro iho i te 20% o te kaha katoa, nā te mea ka puta he kino kino ki ngā irahiko. Nō reira, kāore te kaha katoa o te pākahiko e whakamahia whānuitia. Mō te whakatauranga kaha ōrite, ka poto ake te maero o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu momo pākahiko.

He iti ake te kaha o ēnei pākahiko i ērā atu pākahiko. Arā, he nui ake te taumaha o tētahi kete pākahiko o ngā pākahiko waikawa mata i ērā o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion. He kino tēnei ki te mahi a te pūnaha hiko o te kāreti korowha. Me tiaki tonu, me te tāpiri i te wai whakapūkara hei pupuri i te taumata o te electrolyte.

Ngā pākahiko lithium-ion

He nui ake te utu o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, engari he tika te take. He nui ake te kaha o te pūngao, arā, he mama ake, ā, ka taea hoki e rātou te whakahaere i ngā pikinga nui o te mana e hiahiatia ana mō te whakatere i te wā e taraiwa ana, e tīmata ana rānei. Ka taea e ngā pākahiko lithium-ion te roa i waenga i te 10 ki te 20 tau i runga i te tikanga utu, ngā tikanga whakamahi, me te whakahaere pākahiko. Ko tētahi atu painga ko te kaha ki te tuku i te tata ki te 100% me te iti rawa o te kino ki te whakataurite ki te waikawa mata. Heoi, ko te wāhanga utu-tuku e taunakitia ana ko te 80-20% o te kaha katoa.

He mea whakarihariha tonu te utu nui mō ngā kāreti korowha iti, iti rānei te kounga. Hei tāpiri, he ngāwari ake te pāngia e te werawera i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata nā te kaha o ngā matū matū e whakamahia ana. Ka puta te werawera i te wā e tino pakaru ana, e tukinotia ana rānei, pērā i te tukinga o te kāreti korowha. Heoi, me mōhio kāore ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata e tiaki i te wā e werawera ana, engari ko ngā pākahiko lithium-ion he pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko ka taea te tiaki i te pākahiko i mua i te tīmatanga o te werawera i raro i ētahi āhuatanga.

Ka taea hoki te tukunga-ā-unoa i te wā e pakaru ana te pākahiko. Mā tēnei ka whakaiti i te kaha e wātea ana, ā, ka whakaitihia hoki te tapeke o ngā maero ka taea i runga i te kāreti korowha. Heoi, he puhoi te whanaketanga o te tukanga me te roa o te wā whakatipu. Mō ngā pākahiko lithium-ion e 3000-5000 huringa te roa, me ngāwari te kite me te whakawhiti i te kete pākahiko ina neke atu te pakaru i ngā rohe e whakaaetia ana.

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko lithium rino phosphate (LiFePO4) i roto i ngā momo mahi, tae atu ki ngā kaata korowha. He mea hanga motuhake ēnei pākahiko hei whakarato i te putanga iahiko pumau me te pono. Kua rangahaua whānuitia te matū o te lithium rino phosphate (LiFePO4), ā, kei roto i ngā matū pākahiko lithium-ion e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā pākahiko lithium rino phosphate ko ō rātou āhuatanga haumaru kua whakarei ake. Mā te whakamahinga o te matū LiFePO4 ka tino whakaiti i te mōrearea o te rerenga wera nā te pumau o te lithium rino phosphate, me te whakaaro kāore he kino tinana tika i puta.

He āhuatanga pai anō hoki ō te phosphate rino lithium huringa-hohonu. He roa te ora o ēnei huringa, arā, ka taea e rātou te tu atu i te maha o ngā huringa utu me te tuku i mua i te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te pirau. Hei tāpiri, he tino pai ā rātou mahi ina tae mai ki ngā tono mana nui. Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere pai i ngā ngaru nui o te mana e hiahiatia ana i te wā whakaterenga, i ētahi atu āhuatanga tono nui rānei e tūpono ana ki te whakamahi i te kāreti korowha. He tino ātaahua ēnei āhuatanga mō ngā kāreti korowha he nui te whakamahinga.

Huihuinga ā-Rohe

Ko te AGM he whakarāpopototanga mō ngā pākahiko whāriki karāhe mimiti. He momo hiri ēnei o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, ka mimitia te electrolyte (waikawa) ka puritia ki roto i tētahi wehewehe whāriki karāhe, ka whakanohoia ki waenganui i ngā pereti pākahiko. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka taea te hanga pākahiko ātete-ripiri, nā te mea kua mau te electrolyte, ā, kāore e taea te rere noa pērā i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata waipuke tuku iho. He iti ake te tiaki e hiahiatia ana, ā, e rima ngā wā tere ake te utu i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata tuku iho. Ka taea e tēnei momo pākahiko te roa tae atu ki te whitu tau. Heoi, he nui ake te utu me te iti o te mahi whakarei ake.

Whakamutunga

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko ngā pākahiko o te kāreti korowha e whakatau ana i te mahi a te kāreti korowha, inā koa tōna maero. He mea nui kia whakatauhia te roa o te ora o te pākahiko o te kāreti korowha mō te whakamahere me te whakaaro ki ngā mahi tiaki. Ko ngā pākahiko lithium-ion te mea pai rawa atu te mahi me te roa o te ora ki te whakataurite ki ētahi atu momo pākahiko noa i te mākete pēnei i te waikawa mata. Heoi, ko te utu nui e rite ana ki tēnā, tera pea he arai nui rawa atu mō te whakatinanatanga i roto i ngā kāreti korowha utu iti. I tēnei take, ka whakawhirinaki ngā kaihoko ki te whakaroa i te ora o te pākahiko waikawa mata me te tiaki tika, ā, e tumanako ana kia maha ngā whakawhiti pākahiko puta noa i te roanga o te ora o te kāreti korowha.