Kodi mabatire a golf cart amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Tangoganizani mutatenga dzenje lanu loyamba, kenako n’kupeza kuti muyenera kunyamula zibonga zanu za gofu kupita nazo ku dzenje lina chifukwa mabatire a ngolo ya gofu anatha. Zimenezi zingachepetse maganizo anu. Ma ngolo ena a gofu ali ndi injini yaing’ono ya petulo pomwe mitundu ina imagwiritsa ntchito injini zamagetsi. Zomalizazi ndi zosawononga chilengedwe, zosavuta kusamalira, komanso zopanda phokoso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma ngolo a gofu akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m’mayunivesite ndi m’malo akuluakulu, osati pabwalo la gofu lokha.

Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi batire yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa imalamulira kumwetulira kwa ngolo ya gofu komanso liwiro lake lalikulu. Batire iliyonse imakhala ndi nthawi yake yokhazikika kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake komwe kamagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wogwiritsa ntchito angakonde kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokhazikika ndi nthawi yochepa yokonza yomwe ikufunika. Zachidziwikire, izi sizingakhale zotsika mtengo, ndipo pamafunika mgwirizano. Ndikofunikiranso kusiyanitsa pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito batire kwakanthawi kochepa ndi nthawi yayitali.

Kodi bateriyo idzakhala yochuluka bwanji pankhani ya kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa, zimatanthauzidwa kuti ndi makilomita angati omwe ngolo ya gofu ingadutse isanadzazenso bateriyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kumasonyeza kuti bateriyo imatha kuchirikiza ma cycle angati otulutsa chaji isanawonongeke ndi kulephera. Kuti tiyerekezere kuti yatha, makina amagetsi ndi mtundu wa mabateri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ayenera kuganiziridwa.

Dongosolo lamagetsi la ngolo ya gofu

Kuti mudziwe nthawi yomwe mabatire a gofu amathera, ndikofunikira kuganizira za makina amagetsi omwe batire ili mbali yake. Makina amagetsi amapangidwa ndi mota yamagetsi ndipo amalumikizidwa ku paketi ya batire yopangidwa ndi maselo a batire m'mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Ma mota amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magaleta a gofu amawerengedwa pa ma volts 36 kapena 48.

Kawirikawiri, ma mota ambiri amagetsi amatha kukweza ma amps pakati pa 50-70 akamayenda pa liwiro lodziwika la makilomita 15 pa ola limodzi. Komabe, izi ndi zoyerekeza zazikulu chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakhudze momwe injini imagwiritsira ntchito katundu. Mtundu wa malo ndi matayala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe injini imagwirira ntchito, komanso kulemera komwe imanyamula zonse zimatha kukhudza katundu womwe injini imagwiritsira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunikira kwa katundu kumawonjezeka injini ikayamba komanso ikathamanga poyerekeza ndi momwe imayendera. Zinthu zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya injini ikhale yocheperako. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri, batire yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imakhala yayikulu kwambiri (chitetezo) ndi pafupifupi 20% kuti iteteze ku zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri.

Zofunikira izi zimakhudza kusankha mtundu wa batri. Batri iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kupereka mtunda wautali kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Iyeneranso kukhala yokhoza kupirira kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa mphamvu. Zina zomwe zimafunidwa ndi monga kulemera kochepa kwa mabatire, kuthekera kochaja mwachangu, komanso zosowa zochepa zosamalira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri mwadzidzidzi komanso mopitirira muyeso kumafupikitsa nthawi ya moyo wa mabatire mosasamala kanthu za mankhwala. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, nthawi yoyendetsera mabatire ikasinthasintha, batire limakhala lalifupi kwambiri.

Mitundu ya mabatire

Kuwonjezera pa kayendedwe ka galimoto ndi momwe injini imagwiritsidwira ntchito, mtundu wa batri udzalamulira nthawi yomwe galimotoyo idzagwire ntchito.batire ya ngolo ya gofuidzakhalapo nthawi yayitali. Pali mabatire ambiri omwe alipo pamsika omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyendetsa ngolo za gofu. Mapaketi odziwika kwambiri amakhala ndi mabatire omwe ali ndi ma 6V, 8V, ndi 12V. Mtundu wa kapangidwe ka paketi ndi selo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatengera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya paketi. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala yomwe ilipo, nthawi zambiri: mabatire a lead-acid, mabatire a lithiamu-ion, ndi lead-acid ya AGM.

Mabatire a lead-acid

Ndi mtundu wa batri wotsika mtengo komanso wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika. Amakhala ndi moyo wa zaka 2-5, womwe ndi wofanana ndi ma cycle 500-1200. Izi zimadalira momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito; Sikoyenera kutulutsa mphamvu ya batri pansi pa 50% ya mphamvu ya batri ndipo osapitirira 20% ya mphamvu yonse chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti ma electrode awonongeke. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yonse ya batri sigwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa mlingo womwewo wa mphamvu, mabatire a lead-acid angapereke mtunda waufupi poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mabatire.

Ali ndi mphamvu zochepa poyerekeza ndi mabatire ena. Mwanjira ina, paketi ya batire ya mabatire a lead acid imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yomweyo ya mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Izi zimawononga magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a golf cart. Ayenera kusamalidwa nthawi zonse, makamaka powonjezera madzi osungunuka kuti asunge kuchuluka kwa electrolyte.

Mabatire a Lithium-ion

Mabatire a Lithium-ion ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lead-acid koma pachifukwa choyenera. Ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi opepuka, amathanso kuthana ndi kukwera kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunika nthawi yoyendetsa galimoto komanso nthawi yoyambira. Mabatire a Lithium-ion amatha kukhala pakati pa zaka 10 mpaka 20 kutengera njira yolipirira, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso momwe amayendetsera mabatire. Ubwino wina ndi kuthekera kotulutsa pafupifupi 100% popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi lead acid. Komabe, gawo lovomerezeka la kutulutsira chaji limakhalabe 80-20% ya mphamvu yonse.

Mtengo wawo wokwera ukadali wotsika kwambiri pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono kapena otsika mtengo a gofu. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutentha poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lead-acid chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa kutentha kumatha kuchitika ngati kwawonongeka kwambiri kapena kuzunzidwa mwakuthupi, monga kugwa kwa ngolo ya gofu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mabatire a lead-acid sapereka chitetezo ngati kutentha kwatha pomwe mabatire a lithiamu-ion nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi njira yoyendetsera mabatire yomwe ingateteze batire isanayambe kutentha m'mikhalidwe ina.

Kudzitulutsa kokha kumatha kuchitika pamene batire ikuwonongeka. Izi zingachepetse mphamvu yomwe ilipo komanso mtunda wonse womwe ungathe kukwera pa ngolo ya gofu. Komabe, njirayi imachedwa kukula ndi nthawi yayitali yoti ikule. Pa mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amatha nthawi 3000-5000, ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kuwona ndikusintha paketi ya batire ikawonongeka kuposa malire oyenera.

Mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate (LiFePO4) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ma golf cards. Mabatirewa apangidwa makamaka kuti apereke mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yodalirika. Kapangidwe ka lithiamu iron phosphate (LiFePO4) kafufuzidwa kwambiri ndipo ndi amodzi mwa ma chemistry a lithiamu-ion omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu za mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate ndi chitetezo chawo chowonjezereka. Kugwiritsa ntchito LiFePO4 chemistry kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kutentha chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa lithiamu iron phosphate, poganiza kuti palibe kuwonongeka kwachindunji komwe kwachitika.

Deep-cycle lithium iron phosphate ili ndi makhalidwe ena abwino. Ili ndi moyo wautali, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kupirira kuchuluka kwa ma charge ndi discharge cycles isanayambe kuwonetsa zizindikiro za kuwonongeka. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pankhani ya kufunikira kwa mphamvu zambiri. Imatha kuthana bwino ndi kukwera kwamphamvu kwakukulu komwe kumafunika panthawi yothamanga kapena zochitika zina zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri zomwe zimakumana nazo pakugwiritsa ntchito ma golf cart. Makhalidwe amenewa ndi okongola kwambiri pama golf cart omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Msonkhano Wachigawo

AGM imayimira mabatire agalasi olowa m'madzi. Ndi mabatire otsekedwa a lead-acid, electrolyte (asidi) imalowa m'madzi ndikusungidwa mkati mwa galasi lolekanitsa, lomwe limayikidwa pakati pa mbale za batri. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola batri losatayikira kutayikira, chifukwa electrolyte imayimitsidwa ndipo singathe kuyenda momasuka monga momwe zimakhalira m'mabatire achikhalidwe a lead-acid omwe amasefukira. Amafuna kukonza kochepa ndipo amachajidwa mofulumira kasanu kuposa mabatire achikhalidwe a lead-acid. Batri yamtunduwu imatha kukhala zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Komabe, imabwera pamtengo wapamwamba popanda magwiridwe antchito ambiri.

Mapeto

Mwachidule, mabatire a golf cart ndi omwe amalamulira momwe golf cart imagwirira ntchito, makamaka mtunda womwe imayendera. Ndikofunikira kuwerengera nthawi yomwe batire ya golf cart idzakhalapo pokonzekera kukonza ndi kuganizira. Mabatire a lithiamu ion amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mabatire omwe amapezeka pamsika monga lead-acid. Komabe, mtengo wawo wokwera ukhoza kukhala wovuta kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ma golf cart otsika mtengo. Ogwiritsa ntchito amadalira pa nthawiyi kuti awonjezere moyo wa batire ya lead acid pokonza bwino ndipo amayembekezera kusintha kwa mabatire nthawi zambiri pa moyo wa golf cart.