Isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri lenqola yegalofu
Izinqola zegalofu zibalulekile ukuze ube nesipiliyoni esihle sokudlala igalofu. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu nasezindaweni ezinkulu ezifana namapaki noma amakhampasi aseNyuvesi. Ingxenye ebalulekile ezenze zaba zinhle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri namandla kagesi. Lokhu kuvumela izinqola zegalofu ukuthi zisebenze ngokungcola komsindo okuncane kanye nokukhishwa komsindo. Amabhethri anempilo ethile futhi, uma edlula, aholela ekwehleni kokusebenza komshini kanye nokwanda kwamandla okuvuza kanye nezinkinga zokuphepha njengokubaleka kokushisa nokuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzisi nabathengi bakhathazekile ngokuthi isikhathi esingakananiibhethri yenqola yegalofuingahlala isikhathi eside ukuze kugwenywe izinhlekelele futhi ilungise kahle uma kudingeka.
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ngeshwa ayiyona into encane futhi incike ezintweni eziningi, enye yazo okuwubuchwepheshe bebhethri. Ngokuvamile, ibhethri lenqola yegalofu elinomuthi we-lead-acid kulindeleke ukuthi lihlale iminyaka ephakathi kwemi-2-5 ngokwesilinganiso ezinqoleni zegalofu ezisetshenziswa emphakathini kanye neminyaka eyi-6-10 kweziphethwe ngabanye. Ukuze kuphile isikhathi eside, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion okulindeleke ukuthi aphile iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10 futhi afinyelele cishe iminyaka engama-20 ezimotweni eziphethwe ngabanye. Lolu hlu luthintwa ama-ejenti nezimo eziningi, okwenza ukuhlaziywa kube nzima kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena ngokujulile ezicini ezivame kakhulu nezinethonya kumongo wamabhethri enqola yegalofu, ngenkathi sinikeza izincomo ezithile uma kungenzeka.
I-chemistry yebhethri
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukukhetha ikhemikhali yebhethri kunquma ngqo ubude besikhathi sokuphila esilindelekile sebhethri yenqola yegalofu esetshenziswayo.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid yiwona athandwa kakhulu, uma ubheka amanani awo aphansi kanye nokulula kokugcinwa. Kodwa-ke, aphinde anikeze isikhathi sokuphila esincane kakhulu esilindelwe, isilinganiso seminyaka engu-2-5 sezinqola zegalofu ezisetshenziswa emphakathini. Lawa mabhethri nawo anzima ngobukhulu futhi awafaneleki ezimotweni ezincane ezinezidingo zamandla aphezulu. Umuntu kufanele futhi aqaphe ukujula kokukhishwa noma umthamo otholakala kulawa mabhethri, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukuwasebenzisa ngaphansi kuka-40% womthamo ogciniwe ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwe-electrode unomphela.
Amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lead-acid ejeli aphakanyiswa njengesixazululo sokushiyeka kwamabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lead-acid yendabuko. Kulesi simo, i-electrolyte iyijeli esikhundleni soketshezi. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamanzi kanye nokwenzeka kokuvuza. Kudinga ukulungiswa okuncane futhi kungasebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ikakhulukazi amazinga okushisa abandayo, aziwa ngokwandisa ukuwohloka kwebhethri, futhi ngenxa yalokho, anciphise isikhathi sokuphila.
Amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lithium-ion abiza kakhulu kodwa anikeza isikhathi sokuphila esikhulu kunazo zonke. Ngokuvamile, ungalindelaibhethri yenqola yegalofu ye-lithium-ionukuhlala noma kuphi phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 kuye ngemikhuba yokusebenzisa kanye nezici zangaphandle. Lokhu kuncike kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-electrode kanye ne-electrolyte esetshenzisiwe, okwenza ibhethri lisebenze kahle futhi liqine kakhulu ekuwohlokeni uma kunezidingo zomthwalo ophezulu, izidingo zokushaja okusheshayo, kanye nemijikelezo yokusetshenziswa emide.
Izimo zokusebenza okufanele zicatshangelwe
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-chemistry yebhethri akuyona yodwa into enquma isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri lenqola yegalofu. Eqinisweni, iwukuxhumana okuhambisanayo phakathi kwe-chemistry yebhethri nezimo zokusebenza eziningi. Ngezansi uhlu lwezinto ezinethonya kakhulu nokuthi zixhumana kanjani ne-chemistry yebhethri.
. Ukushaja ngokweqile kanye nokukhipha ngokweqile: Ukushaja noma ukukhipha ibhethri ngaphezu kwesimo esithile sokushaja kungalimaza unomphela ama-electrode. Ukushaja ngokweqile kungenzeka uma ibhethri lenqola yegalofu lishiywe isikhathi eside kakhulu ekushajweni. Lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu uma kwenzeka amabhethri e-lithium-ion, lapho i-BMS ivame ukulungiselelwa ukunqamula ukushaja nokuvikela ezimweni ezinjalo. Nokho, ukukhipha ngokweqile akulula ukuphatha. Inqubo yokukhipha incike emikhubeni yokusetshenziswa kwenqola yegalofu kanye nemizila esetshenziswayo. Ukunciphisa ukujula kokukhipha kunganciphisa ngqo amabanga inqola yegalofu engawamboza phakathi kwemijikelezo yokushaja. Kulesi simo, amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lithium-ion anenzuzo njengoba engakwazi ukumelana nama-cyclers akhipha ngokujulile ngomthelela omncane wokuwohloka uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-acid.
. Ukushaja okusheshayo kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu: Ukushaja okusheshayo kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu kuyizinqubo eziphikisanayo ekushajeni nasekukhipheni kodwa kunenkinga efanayo eyisisekelo. Ubuningi bamandla aphezulu kuma-electrode kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Futhi, amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lithium-ion afaneleka kangcono ekushajeni okusheshayo kanye nezidingo zomthwalo wamandla aphezulu. Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa nokusebenza, amandla aphezulu angafinyelela ukusheshisa okuphezulu enqoleni yegalofu kanye nesivinini esiphezulu sokusebenza. Yilapho umjikelezo wokushayela wenqola yegalofu ungathinta khona isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri ngokuhambisana nokusetshenziswa. Ngamanye amazwi, amabhethri enqola yegalofu asetshenziswa ngesivinini esiphansi enkundleni yegalofu angahlala isikhathi eside kunebhethri lenqola yegalofu yesibili esetshenziswa ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu ensimini efanayo.
. Izimo zemvelo: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu ayaziwa ukuthi athinta isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ipakwe elangeni noma isetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa acishe abe yiqhwa, umphumela uhlala uyingozi kumabhethri enqola yegalofu. Ezinye izixazululo ziye zaphakanyiswa ukunciphisa lo mthelela. Amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-Gel Lead-Acid ayisisombululo esisodwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili. Amanye ama-BMS aphinde alethe imijikelezo yokushaja ephansi yamabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuze awafudumale ngaphambi kokushaja okuphezulu kwe-C-rate ukuze kuncishiswe ukufakwa kwe-lithium.
Lezi zici kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga ibhethri lenqola yegalofu. Isibonelo, ibhethriIbhethri le-S38105 LiFePO4 elivela ku-ROYPOWkubikwa ukuthi ihlala iminyaka eyi-10 ngaphambi kokufinyelela ekupheleni kokuphila. Leli yinani elimaphakathi elisekelwe ekuhlolweni kwelabhorethri. Kuye ngemikhuba yokusebenzisa kanye nendlela umsebenzisi agcina ngayo ibhethri lenqola yegalofu, imijikelezo noma iminyaka yesevisi elindelekile ingancipha noma ikhuphuke ngaphezu kwenani elimaphakathi elibikwe kudatha yebhethri lenqola yegalofu.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, isikhathi sokuphila sebhethri lenqola yegalofu sizohluka kuye ngemikhuba yokusetshenziswa, izimo zokusebenza, kanye nekhemikhali yebhethri. Njengoba kunzima ukulinganisa nokukala ezimbili zokuqala kusengaphambili, umuntu angathembela ezilinganisweni ezimaphakathi ezisekelwe kumakhemikhali ebhethri. Kulokho, amabhethri enqola yegalofu ye-lithium-ion anikeza isikhathi sokuphila eside kodwa izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokuphila esiphansi kanye nezindleko ezishibhile zamabhethri e-lead-acid.
Isihloko esihlobene:
Amabhethri enqola yegalofu ahlala isikhathi esingakanani
Ingabe Amabhethri e-Lithium Phosphate Angcono Kunamabhethri e-Ternary Lithium?
