Uma uhileleke ekuthuthweni kwamaloli amade, iloli lakho liba yikhaya lakho elihambayo, lapho usebenza khona, ulala khona, futhi uphumule khona izinsuku noma amasonto ngesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa induduzo, ukuphepha, kanye nenhlalakahle phakathi nalezi zikhathi ezinde ngenkathi ulawula izindleko zikaphethiloli ezikhuphukayo futhi uhlala uhambisana nemithethonqubo yokukhishwa komoya ongcolile. Ngakho-ke, yilapho iloli i-APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) iba khona njengomsindisi wokuphila, inikeza umthombo wamandla othembekile wokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho emgwaqweni.
Ungase uzibuze: iyini ngempela iyunithi ye-APU elolini, futhi ingayishintsha kanjani imisebenzi yakho yokuthutha amaloli? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumshayeli onolwazi ofuna ukuthuthukisa umshini wakho noma umphathi wezimoto ofuna izixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu, ukuqonda izinzuzo ze-APU yamaloli kubalulekile empumelelweni yanamuhla yokuthutha amaloli.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokuqondisa ngezisekelo zeTruck Apu, okuhlanganisa nendlela esebenza ngayo, izinzuzo zayo ezibalulekile, kanye nendlela yokukhetha uhlelo lwe-APU olufanele izidingo zakho ezithile.
Iyini i-APU Unit yeloli?
I-APU yeloli iyithuluzi elincane, elincike kakhulu elifakwe emalolini. Isebenza njengejeneretha esebenza kahle, inikeza amandla asekelayo lapho injini eyinhloko icishiwe. Uma ipakwe ngesikhathi sokuphumula, idivayisi inika amandla izinhlelo ezibalulekile, njenge-air conditioning, ukushisa, izibani, amashaja ocingo, ama-microwave, kanye neziqandisi, okuvumela abashayeli ukuthi balondoloze induduzo nokuphepha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa injini eyinhloko yeloli.
Izinhlobo zamayunithi e-APU amaloli
Amayunithi e-APU amaloli afika ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: asebenzisa udizili kanye nogesi.
- I-APU yedizili ivame ukufakwa ngaphandle kweloli, ngokuvamile ngemuva nje kwekhebhini, ukuze kube lula ukufinyelela nokufaka uphethiloli. Isebenzisa uphethiloli wamaloli ukuze ikhiqize ugesi.
- I-APU yeloli kagesi isebenza ngokukhishwa okuncane komoya futhi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane, okwenza kube ukukhetha okunobungani nemvelo kwemisebenzi yanamuhla yokuthutha amaloli.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Iyunithi ye-APU Yeloli
Kunezinzuzo eziningi ze-APU. Nazi izinzuzo eziyisithupha eziphezulu zokufaka iyunithi ye-APU elolini lakho:
Inzuzo 1: Ukusetshenziswa Kaphethiloli Okuncishisiwe
Izindleko zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli zithatha ingxenye enkulu yezindleko zokusebenza kwezimoto kanye nabanikazi bazo. Nakuba ukungasebenzi injini kugcina indawo ekhululekile kubashayeli, kudla amandla ngokweqile. Isikhathi sokusebenza ihora elilodwa sidla cishe igaloni elilodwa likaphethiloli kadizili, kanti iyunithi ye-APU esekwe kudizili yamaloli idla kancane kakhulu - cishe amalitha angu-0.25 kaphethiloli ngehora.
Ngokwesilinganiso, iloli lisebenza amahora aphakathi kuka-1800 no-2500 ngonyaka. Uma sicabanga ukuthi amahora angu-2,500 ngonyaka okusebenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-idling kanye nophethiloli wedizili angama-$2.80 ngegaloni, iloli lichitha u-$7,000 ekusebenzeni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-idling iloli ngalinye. Uma uphatha izimoto ezinamaloli amaningi, lezo zindleko zingakhuphuka ngokushesha ziye ezinkulungwaneni zamaRandi nangaphezulu njalo ngenyanga. Nge-APU yedizili, ukonga okungaphezu kuka-$5,000 ngonyaka kungafinyelelwa, kuyilapho i-APU kagesi ingase yonge okuningi nakakhulu.
Inzuzo 2: Impilo Yenjini Ende
Ngokusho kwe-American Trucking Association, ihora elilodwa lokungasebenzisi injini ngosuku unyaka wonke liholela ekugugeni okulingana namamayela angu-64,000. Njengoba ukungasebenzisi injini kungakhiqiza i-sulfuric acid, okungase kudle izingxenye zenjini nezimoto, ukuguguleka kwezinjini kuyanda kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungasebenzisi injini kuzokwehlisa ukushisa kwesilinda, okubangela ukwakheka kwenjini nokuvaleka kwayo. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli kudingeka basebenzise i-APU ukuze bagweme ukungasebenzisi injini futhi banciphise ukuguguleka kwenjini.
Inzuzo 3: Izindleko Zokulungisa Ezincishisiwe
Izindleko zokulungisa ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakhulu ziphakeme kakhulu kunanoma yiziphi ezinye izindleko zokulungisa ezingaba khona. I-America Transportation Research Institute ithi izindleko zokulungisa ezimaphakathi zeloli le-Class 8 zingamasenti angu-14.8 ngemayela. Ukungasebenzi kweloli kuholela ezindlekweni ezibizayo zokulungisa okwengeziwe. Uma une-APU yeloli, izikhawu zesevisi zokulungisa ziyanda. Akudingeki uchithe isikhathi esiningi esitolo sokulungisa, futhi izindleko zezingxenye zomsebenzi nemishini zincishiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi.
Inzuzo 4: Ukuthobela Imithethonqubo
Ngenxa yemiphumela elimazayo yokungasebenzi kahle kwamaloli emvelweni ngisho nasempilweni yomphakathi, amadolobha amaningi amakhulu emhlabeni wonke asebenzise imithetho nemigomo yokulwa nokusebenza kahle kokungasebenzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwegesi. Imikhawulo, izinhlawulo, kanye nezijeziso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngedolobha. EDolobheni laseNew York, ukusebenza kahle kwemoto akuvumelekile uma kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-3, futhi abanikazi bezimoto bazohlawuliswa. Imithetho ye-CARB ibeka ukuthi abashayeli bezimoto zezentengiselwano ezisebenzisa uphethiloli ezinesisindo esikhulu semoto esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-10,000, okuhlanganisa amabhasi namaloli ahlonyiswe nge-sleeper berth, akufanele basebenzise injini yemoto eyinhloko yedizili isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emihlanu kunoma iyiphi indawo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kulandelwe imithetho futhi kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ezinsizakalweni zamaloli, iyunithi ye-APU yamaloli iyindlela engcono yokuhamba.
Inzuzo 5: Induduzo Yomshayeli Ethuthukisiwe
Abashayeli bamaloli bangasebenza kahle futhi bakhiqize uma bephumule kahle. Ngemva kosuku lokushayela isikhathi eside, ufika endaweni yokuphumula. Nakuba i-sleeper cab inikeza isikhala esanele sokuphumula, umsindo wokusebenzisa injini yeloli ungacasula. Ukuba neyunithi ye-APU yamaloli kunikeza indawo ethule yokuphumula okuhle ngenkathi isebenza ngokushaja, ukupholisa umoya, ukufudumeza, kanye nezidingo zokufudumeza injini. Kwandisa induduzo efana neyasekhaya futhi kwenza ulwazi lwakho lokushayela lube luhle kakhulu. Ekugcineni, kuzosiza ekukhuliseni umkhiqizo wonke wezimoto.
Inzuzo 6: Ukusimama Kwemvelo Okuthuthukisiwe
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini yamaloli kuzokhiqiza amakhemikhali ayingozi, amagesi, kanye nezinhlayiya, okuholela kakhulu ekungcolisweni komoya. Njalo ngemizuzu eyi-10 yokungasebenzi kahle kukhipha iphawundi elilodwa le-carbon dioxide emoyeni, okwenza kube kubi kakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba ama-APU edizili esasebenzisa uphethiloli, asebenzisa kancane futhi asiza amaloli ukunciphisa umthelela wawo wekhabhoni uma kuqhathaniswa nokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini futhi athuthukise ukuzinza kwemvelo.
Thuthukisa Ama-Truck Fleets ngama-APU
Ukufaka iyunithi ye-APU elolini lakho kunconywa kakhulu, njengoba kuthuthukisa induduzo yomshayeli kanye nokusebenza kahle ngenkathi kusiza ukuhlangabezana nemithethonqubo yezemvelo. Kodwa uyikhetha kanjani i-APU efanele yemikhumbi yakho? Nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
- Ukusebenza Kahle Kagesi: Hlola izidingo zamandla emikhumbi yakho kuqala. I-APU esebenza ngodizili ingase yanele izidingo eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, uma imisebenzi yakho idinga amandla engeziwe emishini ethuthukisiwe, i-APU yeloli esebenza ngogesi kuphela ingaba yisinqumo esingcono.
- Izidingo Zokunakekela: Njengoba ama-APU e-Diesel enezingxenye eziningi zemishini, adinga ukulungiswa njalo, okuhlanganisa ukushintsha uwoyela, ukushintshwa kwezihlungi zikaphethiloli, kanye nokunakekelwa kokuvimbela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-APU kagesi amaloli ahilela ukulungiswa okuncane, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokulungisa zizonke.
- Iwaranti Nokusekelwa: Hlola njalo imigomo yewaranti kanye nokusekelwa kwangemva kokuthengisa. Iwaranti eqinile ingavikela utshalomali lwakho futhi iqinisekise ukuthi uthola isevisi ngesikhathi uma kuvela izinkinga.
- Izinto Okucatshangelwayo Ngesabelomali: Nakuba ama-APU kagesi evame ukuza nezindleko eziphezulu kusengaphambili, avame ukunikeza ukonga okukhulu kwesikhathi eside ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuphansi kukaphethiloli kanye nezidingo zokulungisa ezincishisiwe. Ama-APU kadizili ashibhile uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kokuqala kodwa angabangela izindleko zokusebenza eziphakeme ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Kulula UkusebenzisaAma-APU kagesi ngokuvamile kulula ukuwafaka nokusebenzisa. Amamodeli amaningi aphinde abe nezinhlelo zokuphatha ezihlakaniphile, ezivumela ukulawula okungenamthungo kusuka ekhabinini.
Ngamafuphi, amayunithi e-APU amaloli kagesi athole ukuthandwa okwandayo embonini yezokuthutha. Ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuthule, okungenakulungiswa kakhulu, amahora amaningi okupholisa umoya, futhi asiza imikhumbi ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yokukhishwa komoya, okwenza kube ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlakaniphile emisebenzini yanamuhla yokuthutha amaloli.
Uhlelo lwe-APU lweloli likagesi olusebenzisa ugesi lwe-ROYPOW olune-stop eyodwa engu-48 Viyisisombululo esifanelekile sokungashiyi lutho, indlela ehlanzekile, ehlakaniphile, nethule kune-APU yedizili yendabuko. Ihlanganisa i-alternator ehlakaniphile engu-48 V DC, ibhethri le-LiFePO4 elingu-10 kWh, i-air conditioner engu-12,000 BTU/h DC, i-converter engu-48 V kuya ku-12 V DC-DC, i-inverter engu-3.5 kVA yonke-in-one, isikrini sokuqapha ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile, kanye nephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo. Ngale nhlanganisela enamandla, abashayeli bamaloli bangajabulela isikhathi se-AC esingaphezu kwamahora angu-14. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zenziwe ngokwezindinganiso zezinga lezimoto, kunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa njalo. Iqinisekisiwe ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka iminyaka emihlanu, ihlala isikhathi eside kunezinye izindlela zokuhweba zemikhumbi. Ukushaja okusheshayo okuguquguqukayo nokuguquguqukayo kwamahora ama-2 kukugcina unamandla isikhathi eside emgwaqweni.
Iziphetho
Njengoba sibheke phambili ekusaseni lemboni yamaloli, kusobala ukuthi ama-Auxiliary Power Units (ama-APU) azoba amathuluzi kagesi abalulekile kubaqhubi bezimoto kanye nabashayeli ngokufanayo. Njengoba benekhono lokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukuthuthukisa ukusimama kwemvelo, ukulandela imithetho, ukuthuthukisa induduzo yomshayeli, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa, ama-APU amaloli aguqula indlela amaloli asebenza ngayo emgwaqweni.
Ngokuhlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe obusha emikhunjini yamaloli, asigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo kodwa futhi siqinisekisa ulwazi olubushelelezi nolukhiqizayo kubashayeli ngesikhathi sohambo lwabo olude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyisinyathelo esiya ekusaseni eliluhlaza nelizinzile embonini yezokuthutha.
Isihloko Esihlobene:
